Publikationsdatenbank

Untersuchungen zur Wirksamkeit und Wirkungsweise des sporenbildenden Bacillus cereus var toyoi im Verdauungstrakt von Broilern und Ferkeln; Studies on efficacy and mode of action of the spore forming Bacillus cereus vartoyoi in the gastrointestinal tract of broilers and piglets (2001)

Art

Hochschulschrift

Autor

Jadamus, Anke

Quelle

Berlin: Mensch & Buch Verl., 2001 — 184 Seiten

ISBN: 3-89820-271-2

Kontakt

Institut für Tierernährung

Königin-Luise-Str. 49
14195 Berlin
+49 30 838 52256
tierernaehrung@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

The aim of these trials was to investigate possible effects of the probiotic strain B. cereus var. toyoi on broiler chicken and piglets including nutritional and microbiological aspects.In vitro recovery of B. cereus var. toyoi in feed and digesta samples of the intestinal tract from broiler chicken and piglets were evaluated. Effects of the spore specific dipicolinic acid on growth of E. coli and Enterococcus spp. in fluid culture containing different amounts of Ca, Zn, Fe and Mn were recorded.Feeding trials were carried out to estimate the influence of probiotic supplemented feed on daily weight gain (DWG) and feed conversion (FC) of broiler chicken and piglets. Effects of 1 % dipicolinic acid in feed on broiler chicken were also recorded.Growth behaviour of the probiotic strain in the gastrointestinal tract of both animals was investigated after the first intake of B. cereus var. toyoi spores or vegetative cells. One week after withdrawal of the probiotic strain in feed, amounts of B. cereus var. toyoi in the gastrointestine of broiler chicken and piglets were evaluated. It was monitored how long it took to eliminate the probiotic strain from faeces. The influence of B. cereus var. toyoi on thedevelopment of total anaerobic growth, lactic acid bacteria, Enterococcus spp. and enterobacteria associated with intestinal mucosal tissues and digesta samples of piglets before and shortly after weaning was evaluated. The effect of the probiotic strain on selected metabolic parameters in digesta samples of piglets was also studied. To investigate the possible influence of the spore specific dipicolinic acid on broiler chicken including nutritional and microbiological aspects, feed was supplemented with and without DPA.
After pelleting feed and storage for one year, the probiotic strain remained stable.
In vitro trials showed germination and sporulation of 8. cereus var. toyoi in digesta samples from broiler chicken and piglets. Supplementation of DPA in liquid media reduced growth of both tested bacteria. E. coli isolates were influenced with more intense compared to Enterococcus spp.Spores germinated rapidly in the intestine of both animals.
Thus, despite the short digesta passage, effects on microbial growth in the intestinal tract of broiler chicken are possible. After oral supplementation of 8. cereus var. toyoi spores or vegetative cells, germination and sporulation took place throughout the intestine. The probiotic strain was detected in digesta samples of the gastrointestinal tract from broiler chicken and piglets one week after withdrawal of the probiotic supplemented feed. In faeces, the strain was detected for three weeks after changing to a probiotic free diet.The growth capacity of enterobacteria was reduced in digesta samples (p < 0.001) and mucosal tissues (p < 0.05) from suckling piglets (age of 13 d) with probiotic fed mothersows. During the trial period total anaerobic bacteria showed homogenous growth throughout the intestine in samples from piglets with access to probiotic supplemented feed. No correlation was found between bacterial growth and concentrations of volatile fatty acids and lactic acid, which are often influenced by other probiotic preparations. Microbial activity of taurocholine deconjugating enzymes was significantly reduced in jejunum digesta from probiotic fed piglets. There are strong indications that an early uptake of already modified microbial populations from faeces of the mothersow aids modification of intestinal microbial communities and their metabolic activities in piglets.0Daily weight gain and feed conversion from broiler chicken (DWG + 2 %, FC - 2.5 %) andweaned piglets (DWG + 7.4 %, FC - 2.4 %) tended to be improved by probiotic feedsupplementation. Piglets with access to the Bacillus strain showed significantly (p < 0.05) less incidence of diarrhea after weaning.Supplementation of DPA in feed tended to reduce pH in digesta samples of the crop from broiler chicken. Tendencies in reduction of growth of E. coli were observed, while Enterococcus spp. seemed o be slightly advanced in the intestinal tract of broiler chicken with access to DPA in feed.