Publication Database

The role of bits in showjumping:
their impact on equine welfare and upper airway health (2025)

Art

Hochschulschrift

Autor

Schacht, Julia (WE 17)

Quelle

Berlin, 2025 — 53 Seiten

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

URL (Volltext): https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/48544

Kontakt

Pferdeklinik

Oertzenweg 19 b
14163 Berlin
+49 30 838 62299 / 62300
pferdeklinik@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

In current time, bits are essential equipment in riding, used for communication between rider and horse. Their effectiveness and the effect on the horse varies depending on configuration, material, and application. Studies show that the choice of bit, along with rein tension and the horse’s head-neck position, is crucial for the horse’s welfare and performance. Misfit bits, such as those that are inappropriate in size or type, can lead to pain and injury. Common issues include mouth injuries, restrictions in breathing, and swallowing reflexes. A comprehensive study included in this work examined the use of bits in international showjumping competitions and assessed their impact on the welfare of horses. A survey of 250 riders and video analyses of 268 showjumping rounds revealed that different bits are used to address the individual needs of riders and horses. It was found that riders often use different bits for various horses and under different conditions. Mainly because horses react differently to various bits and the individual horse shows individual needs, partly due to regulations and personal preferences. The video analysis revealed that aversive movements, such as opening the mouth and other signs of discomfort, were particularly common with the use of 3-ring bits and full cheek bits. A lower incidence of aversive movements was observed in horses ridden with egg butt bits and hackamores, indicating their potentially lower level of discomfort. Additionally, the second study investigated the effects of different bits on the horses' airways, particularly on the larynx during various gaits and levels of exertion. The results showed that the type of bit had only a minimal impact on laryngeal dynamics, while the physiological state of the horse, such as exertion and head-neck position, had a significant effect on respiratory function. Overall, the studies emphasize the need for precise bit fitting and the importance of proper equipment configuration for the welfare of horses. They highlight that both bit design and its application influence horse behavior and performance. The findings underscore the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to improve equine welfare in the sport.