Publikationsdatenbank

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) (2024)

Art

Buchbeitrag

Autoren

Shehata, Awad A.

Hafez Mohamed, Hafez (WE 15)

Quelle

Turkey diseases and disorders — Hafez M. Hafez, Awad A. Shehata, editors (Hrsg.)

Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024; Volume 1. Bacterial and fungal infectious diseases — S. 149–156

ISBN: 978-3-031-63318-8

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

URL (Volltext): https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-63318-8_12

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-63318-8_12

Kontakt

Nutztierklinik: Abteilung Geflügel

Königsweg 63
14163 Berlin
+49 30 838 62676
gefluegelkrankheiten@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) infection is an acute, highly contagious disease of chickens and turkeys, characterized by respiratory manifestations, high economic losses due to increased mortality rates, medication costs, and condemnation rates, as well as drop-in egg production. The infection has been recognized in many countries worldwide. In turkeys, ORT is common in birds over 14 weeks old; however, young poults at 2–8-week-old are also susceptible. The main clinical signs are respiratory manifestations, including coughing, sneezing, nasal discharges, dyspnea, and sinusitis. Additionally, a drop in egg production is also reported in turkey breeders. The main postmortem lesions are edema and uni- or bilateral consolidation of lungs with pleuritis, airsacculitis, pericarditis, and peritonitis. Diagnosis is based on the isolation of ORT on blood agar. The identification can be done using biochemical test kits such as API 20 NE (bioMerieux, France) or the RapID NF Plus System (Innovative Diagnostics, USA). Serological diagnosis can be done using agar gel precipitation, commercial ELISA, and rapid agglutination tests. Sequencing of 16S rRNA or the Or01 gene does not seem suitable to replace the AGP for serotyping. It is not easy to determine the pathogenicity. The pathogenicity is strain origin and strain serotype independent. In addition, there is no standard model for studying the pathogenicity of ORT. The treatment of ORT is a challenge due to the inconsistency of the sensitivity of circulated strains to antibiotics. Under field conditions, amoxicillin and chlortetracycline are used in drinking water at doses of 250 ppm and 500 ppm, respectively. Inactivated ORT vaccines and temperature-sensitive-based live vaccines can reduce mortality and condemnation rates.