Publication Database

Erysipelas (2024)

Art

Buchbeitrag

Autoren

Shehata, Awad A.

Hafez Mohamed, Hafez (WE 15)

Quelle

Turkey diseases and disorders — Hafez M. Hafez, Awad A. Shehata, editors (Hrsg.)

Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024; Volume 1. Bacterial and fungal infectious diseases — S. 105–114

ISBN: 978-3-031-63318-8

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

URL (Volltext): https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-63318-8_7

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-63318-8_7

Kontakt

Nutztierklinik: Abteilung Geflügel

Königsweg 63
14163 Berlin
+49 30 838 62676
gefluegelkrankheiten@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

Erysipelas, caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, is an acute, sub-acute and/or chronic bacterial disease affecting mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish. In meat turkeys, E. rhusiopathiae causes economic losses due to mortality, as well as a drop in egg production in turkey breeder flocks and an increase in the condemnation rate at slaughtering due to septicaemia. E. rhusiopathiae is transmitted through the faecal-oral route and can enter through skin abrasions. A septicaemic form is common. The chronic form is characterised by localised inflammations in the snood, joints and cardiac valves. In humans, E. rhusiopathiae causes erysipeloid, an occupational disease characterised by mild and self-limiting skin inflammation and occasionally septicaemia. The diagnosis of erysipelas in turkeys is based on clinical signs, lesions (generalised condition) and isolation of the causative agent on blood agar and/or sodium azide crystal violet selective media, followed by identification based on the biochemical profile. A direct impression smear from the liver, spleen, blood or bone marrow to demonstrate the Gram-positive, slender, pleomorphic rods can be used for rapid diagnosis. Penicillin is highly effective against erysipelas; however, other antibiotics can also be used, including cephalosporins, tetracyclines, quinolones, clindamycin, erythromycin and piperacillin. Once the treatment is stopped, the disease may reoccur in treated flocks. Inactivated and live vaccines are available and used to control erysipelas in turkeys.