Publication Database

An intranasal live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine limits virus transmission (2024)

Art

Zeitschriftenartikel / wissenschaftlicher Beitrag

Autoren

Adler, Julia M. (WE 5)

Vidal, Ricardo Martin (WE 5)

Langner, Christine (WE 5)

Vladimirova, Daria (WE 5)

Abdelgawad, Azza (WE 5)

Kunecova, Daniela (WE 5)

Lin, Xiaoyuan (WE 5)

Nouailles, Geraldine

Voss, Anne (WE 12)

Kunder, Sandra (WE 12)

Gruber, Achim D. (WE 12)

Wu, Haibo

Osterrieder, Nikolaus (WE 5)

Kunec, Dusan (WE 5)

Trimpert, Jakob (WE 5)

Quelle

Nature Communications

Bandzählung: 15

Seiten: Artikelnummer: 995

ISSN: 2041-1723

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

URL (Volltext): https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-45348-2

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45348-2

Pubmed: 38307868

Kontakt

Institut für Tierpathologie

Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 15
14163 Berlin
+49 30 838 62450
pathologie@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

The development of effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has been essential to control COVID-19, but significant challenges remain. One problem is intramuscular administration, which does not induce robust mucosal immune responses in the upper airways-the primary site of infection and virus shedding. Here we compare the efficacy of a mucosal, replication-competent yet fully attenuated virus vaccine, sCPD9-ΔFCS, and the monovalent mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 in preventing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1 and Omicron BA.5 in two scenarios. Firstly, we assessed the protective efficacy of the vaccines by exposing vaccinated male Syrian hamsters to infected counterparts. Secondly, we evaluated transmission of the challenge virus from vaccinated and subsequently challenged male hamsters to naïve contacts. Our findings demonstrate that the live-attenuated vaccine (LAV) sCPD9-ΔFCS significantly outperformed the mRNA vaccine in preventing virus transmission in both scenarios. Our results provide evidence for the advantages of locally administered LAVs over intramuscularly administered mRNA vaccines in preventing infection and reducing virus transmission.