Publikationsdatenbank

Antibiotic prophylaxis and hospitalization of horses subjected to median laparotomy:
gut microbiota trajectories and abundance increase of Escherichia (2023)

Art

Zeitschriftenartikel / wissenschaftlicher Beitrag

Autoren

Kauter, Anne

Brombach, Julian (WE 7)

Lübke-Becker, Antina (WE 7)

Kannapin, Dania

Bang, Corinna

Franzenburg, Sören

Stoeckle, Sabita Diana

Mellmann, Alexander

Scherff, Natalie

Köck, Robin

Guenther, Sebastian

Wieler, Lothar H. (WE 7)

Gehlen, Heidrun (WE 17)

Semmler, Torsten

Wolf, Silver A.

Walther, Birgit

Quelle

Frontiers in microbiology

Bandzählung: 14

Seiten: 1228845

ISSN: 1664-302x

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

URL (Volltext): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38075913/

DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1228845

Pubmed: 38075913

Kontakt

Institut für Mikrobiologie und Tierseuchen

Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7-13
14163 Berlin
+49 30 838 51843 / 66949
mikrobiologie@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

Introduction:
Horse clinics are hotspots for the accumulation and spread of clinically relevant and zoonotic multidrug-resistant bacteria, including extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing (ESBL) Enterobacterales. Although median laparotomy in cases of acute equine colic is a frequently performed surgical intervention, knowledge about the effects of peri-operative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) based on a combination of penicillin and gentamicin on the gut microbiota is limited.

Methods:
We collected fecal samples of horses from a non-hospitalized control group (CG) and from horses receiving either a pre-surgical single-shot (SSG) or a peri-operative 5-day (5DG) course of PAP. To assess differences between the two PAP regimens and the CG, all samples obtained at hospital admission (t₀), on days three (t₁) and 10 (t₂) after surgery, were screened for ESBL-producing Enterobacterales and subjected to 16S rRNA V1-V2 gene sequencing.

Results:
We included 48 samples in the SSG (n = 16 horses), 45 in the 5DG (n = 15), and 20 in the CG (for t₀ and t₁, n = 10). Two samples of equine patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis (6.5%) were positive for ESBL-producing Enterobacterales at t₀, while this rate increased to 67% at t₁ and decreased only slightly at t₂ (61%). Shannon diversity index (SDI) was used to evaluate alpha-diversity changes, revealing there was no significant difference between horses suffering from acute colic (5DG, SDI_mean of 5.90, SSG, SDI_mean of 6.17) when compared to the CG (SDI_mean of 6.53) at t₀. Alpha-diversity decreased significantly in both PAP groups at t₁, while at t₂ the onset of microbiome recovery was noticed. Although we did not identify a significant SDI_mean difference with respect to PAP duration, the community structure (beta-diversity) was considerably restricted in samples of the 5DG at t₁, most likely due to the ongoing administration of antibiotics. An increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae, especially Escherichia, was noted for both study groups at t₁.

Conclusion:
Colic surgery and PAP drive the equine gut microbiome towards dysbiosis and reduced biodiversity that is accompanied by an increase of samples positive for ESBL-producing Enterobacterales. Further studies are needed to reveal important factors promoting the increase and residency of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales among hospitalized horses.