Publikationsdatenbank

The influence of glutamine supplementation on microbial composition in the stomach and jejunum digesta of suckling piglets (2022)

Art

Poster

Autoren

Schulze Holthausen, J. (WE 4)

Sciascia, Q. L.

Schregel, J.

Li, Z.

Andreotti, S.

Vahjen, W. (WE 4)

Metges, C. C.

Zentek, J. (WE 4)

Kongress

7th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition (ISEP)

Granada, 12. – 15.09.2022

Quelle

Animal : science proceedings

Bandzählung: 13

Heftzählung: 3

Seiten: 399

ISSN: 2772-283x

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

URL (Volltext): https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772283X2200797X

DOI: 10.1016/j.anscip.2022.07.136

Kontakt

Institut für Tierernährung

Königin-Luise-Str. 49
14195 Berlin
+49 30 838 52256
tierernaehrung@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

Introduction:
In early life, the consumption of sows milk has a major impact on gut microbiota development, resulting in a milk orientated microbiome (Frese et al., 2015). Both sows milk and glutamine (Gln) are regarded as energy substrates for piglets, influencing growth and health. It is known that Gln supplementation has beneficial effects on gastrointestinal health, development and bacterial composition, in weaned piglets (Jiet al., 2019, Yanet al., 2019), however little is known about the effects during the suckling period. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the influence of Gln supplementation on the stomach and jejunal microbiome of suckling piglets.

Material and Methods:
Low (LBW, 0.8-1.2 kg) and normal (NBW, 1.4-1.8 kg) birthweight male piglets born to gilts were selected at birth (0 day), and orally supplemented with either 1 g Gln or 1.22 g alanine (Ala) /kg BW, from 1 until 12 day. Four different groups were studied: LBW+Gln; NBW+Gln; LBW+Ala; NBW+Ala (n = 5/group). For subsequent analysis subgroups were euthanized at 5 and 12 day and digesta of stomach and jejunum was snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 °C. DNA was extracted from the digesta samples and subsequently underwent metagenomics sequencing. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics (version 28, IBM, USA). Kruskal-Wallis-Test was performed to detect dominant bacteria as influenced by supplementation and birthweight (P < 0.1); statistical significant differences (P < 0.05) or trends (P < 0.1) between supplementation groups were checked by Mann – Whitney – U-Test.

Results and Discussion:
The most abundant bacteria in stomach and jejunum of 5 and 12 day belonged to the phyla Firmicutes. Lactobacillus was the most abundant genus found in both age groups and intestinal segments. The most abundant taxa with a mean abundance >2% were Lactobacillus amylovorus, L. vaginalis, L. crispatus, L. mucosae, L. johnsonii, L. salivarius, L. delbrueckii and L. reuteri at 5 day whereas at 12 day of age the most abundant taxa with a mean abundance >2% were Lactobacillus crispatus, L. vaginalis, L. amylovorus, L. reuteri, L. johnsonii, L. delbrueckii, L. mucosae and L. salivarius in declining order in stomach and jejunum. In the digesta of stomach and jejunum of 5 days old piglets no significant differences in bacterial abundance between supplementation and birthweight groups were observed. In the stomach of 12 days old animals the abundance of Lactobacillus amylovorus was significantly increased in NBW+Gln compared to NBW+Ala piglets (P < 0.05). NBW+Gln supplemented piglets had a significantly decreased abundance of Lactobacillus crispatus, but a significant increase of Lactobacillus amylovorus and mucosae (P ≤ 0.05) compared to NBW+Ala supplemented piglets in jejunum at 12 days of age. At 12 day, LBW+Gln piglets showed a trend for an increased jejunal abundance of Lactobacillus amylovorus and a trend for decreased Lactobacillus crispatus (P < 0.1) compared to LBW+Ala supplemented piglets. In jejunal digesta the abundance of Clostridium perfringens was higher in LBW+Ala than in NBW+Ala supplemented piglets at 12 days of age.

Conclusion and Implications:
Gln supplementation affected bacterial composition in stomach and jejunum of suckling piglets at 12 days of age, especially the major abundant taxa. Furthermore, most bacterial abundances changes by supplementation seem to differ between stomach and jejunum at 5 and 12 days of age, possibly due to changes in nutrient metabolism or bacterial composition. Glutamine supplementation might have a more decisive influence on the most abundant taxa, leading to a suppression of other bacteria.