Publikationsdatenbank

The impact of chemical and physical characteristics of two fibre sources on performance and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs (2022)

Art

Vortrag

Autoren

Saliu, E. M. (WE 4)

Schulze Holthausen, J. (WE 4)

Zentek, J. (WE 4)

Kongress

7th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition (ISEP)

Granada, 12. – 15.09.2022

Quelle

Animal : science proceedings

Bandzählung: 13

Heftzählung: 3

Seiten: 309

ISSN: 2772-283x

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

URL (Volltext): https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772283X22007245

DOI: 10.1016/j.anscip.2022.07.063

Kontakt

Institut für Tierernährung

Königin-Luise-Str. 49
14195 Berlin
+49 30 838 52256
tierernaehrung@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

Introduction:
In pig production, dietary fibre is mainly classified by its chemical characteristics as soluble and insoluble fibre. As it is known from other species, for instance cattle, physical characteristics such as the structure and particle size may also have a major impact on digestive features and performance (Mertens, 1997). So far, this was investigated only in a few studies in pigs (Molist et al., 2012). It was the aim of the study to compare the impact of coarse and finely ground dried hemp plants and apple pomace on the performance of nine to eleven week old growing pigs.

Material and Methods:
Apple pomace and dried hemp plants were added to the diet of growing pigs either coarse (20 mm) or finely (5 mm) ground to reach crude fibre and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) levels of 5 and 22%, respectively, in the diet. The experimental diets were based on corn and soybean meal and contained titanium dioxide as indigestible marker. To determine the impact of the experimental diets on performance and protein digestibility, 54 healthy nine weeks old barrows and gilts (DanBred × Duroc) were allotted equally to 28 pens (2 piglets per pen, 7 pens per treatment) according to body weight. The piglets received the experimental diets for three weeks and feed intake (FI) and individual body weight was recorded weekly to calculate the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and bodyweight gain (BWG). Eight pigs per group were sacrificed and ileum and rectum contents were collected. Apparent precaecal and total tract protein, organic matter, calcium, phosphorous, copper and zinc digestibility were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed using the software SPSS (IBM, version 25, USA). One-way ANOVA with Tukey-HSD post hoc test were used to determine statistical differences (P < 0.05) and to form subgroups. The animal trial was approved by the Regional Office for Health and Social Affairs Berlin: LaGeSo StN 023/21.

Results and Discussion:
Significant differences in feed intake, bodyweight gain, and feed conversion ratio were observed between feeding groups. When feeding coarse apple pomace, a significant reduction of FI (P = 0.007) was observed compared to pigs fed ground apple pomace or coarse hemp. Additionally, pigs receiving coarse apple pomace showed reduced BWG (P = 0.016) compared to the group receiving finely ground apple pomace, while dried hemp did not impact on BWG. Thus, pigs receiving coarse apple pomace showed an increase in FCR (P = 0.048). While no differences in precaecal protein digestibility was observed (P = 0.550), apparent total tract protein digestibility (ATTD) was significantly higher in animals fed dried hemp (P < 0.001) compared to the groups receiving apple pomace. Prececal apparent digestibility of phosphorous was significantly higher in pigs receiving finely ground apple pomace compared to the pigs fed coarse apple pomace (P = 0.002), dried hemp did not have any effect. Considering ATTD of phosphorous, finely ground apple pomace revealed higher results compared to all other groups (P < 0.001). Prececal apparent digestibility and ATTD of calcium was higher in pigs fed apple pomace, compared to the groups receiving dried hemp (P < 0.001). A trend of higher precaecal zinc absorption was observed in pigs fed hemp (P = 0.065), while only finely ground hemp led to increased zinc ATTD (P < 0.001). Precaecal copper absorption tended to be higher in animals fed finely ground compared to coarse hemp (P = 0.086), while the highest copper ATTD was observed in finely ground hemp and the lowest in finely ground apple pomace (P < 0.001). Precaecal digestibility of organic matter was not affected by structure or fibre source, but organic matter ATTD was significantly lower in pigs receiving ground apple pomace, while the highest values were observed in the group receiving coarse hemp.

Conclusion and Implications:
Chemical, as well as physical parameters of the main fibre component in the diet influenced performance and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs. Thus, our results suggest that it is not sufficient to evaluate and report chemical characteristics of the dietary fibre source, the structure must be considered as well.