Publication Database

Patella luxation and concomitant cranial cruciate ligament rupture in small breed dogs (2019)

Art

Hochschulschrift

Autor

Candela Andrade, Mario (WE 20)

Quelle

Berlin, 2019 — 142 Seiten

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

URL (Volltext): https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/27374

Kontakt

Klein- und Heimtierklinik

Oertzenweg 19 b
14163 Berlin
+49 30 838 62422
kleintierklinik@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

Background: Patellar luxation and cranial cruciate ligament rupture are the most common pathologies affecting the stifle joint in toy and small breed dogs. Many studies involving patellar luxation or cranial cruciate ligament rupture have been performed but few focused on frequency and treatment of both pathologies together in toy and small breed dogs. The purpose of this study was to assess frequency of CCLR in a group of toy and small breed dogs with PL, risk factors, treatment options and outcome after surgical correction.

Material and methods: Between 2004 and 2016, 233 small and toy breed dogs underwent surgery for patellar luxation in the small animal teaching hospital of the Freie Universität, Berlin. 52 dogs (23%) had a concomitant cranial cruciate ligament rupture at the time of diagnosis. Two groups of dogs had appropriate medical records and met the inclusion criteria. The first group included 55 dogs (97 stifles) with patellar luxation only (PL group), while the second group included 26 dogs (33 stifles) with patellar luxation and cranial cruciate ligament rupture (PL+CCLR group), serving as the test sample.

Results: 23% of the dogs with patellar luxation suffered from CCLR. Overweight and increasing age were identified as risk factors for developing CCLR in patients with patellar luxation. In our study population, Maltese dogs were more likely to be affected by both pathologies together. Higher grades of patellar luxation were not in correlation to CCLR. The combination of a “Trochlear wedge recession osteotomy” with a “Tibial tuberosity transposition” and a “Fascia over the top” technique or a “Capsular and fascial imbrication” technique was performed to treat both pathologies in affected stifles (n=28). In 2 cases, a “Tibial tuberosity transposition” was not necessary. 90% of surgically corrected stifles had an excellent functional outcome.

Conclusions: The pathophysiology of patellar luxation and cranial cruciate ligament rupture could be the result of a multifactorial complex. A combination of factors such as increasing age, degeneration of the ligament, overweight, medial direction of luxation and breed could be factors in the pathophysiology. Further studies are warranted.