Publikationsdatenbank

Impact of a mixture of mono-, di- and triglycerides of butyric, capric, and caprylic acid, formic acid and a probiotic Clostridium butyricum (CBM588) on performance and gut health in broiler chickens (2019)

Art

Vortrag

Autoren

Zentek, J. (WE 4)

Vahjen, W. (WE 4)

Männer, K. (WE 4)

Ader, P.

Kongress

17th International Conference on Production Diseases in Farm Animals

Bern, 27. – 29.06.2019

Quelle

17th International Conference on Production Diseases in Farm Animals : ICPD 2019, June 27-29, Bern Switzerland : proceedings — Rupert M. Bruckmaier, Josef J. Gross, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern (Hrsg.)

Bern, Switzerland: University of Bern, 2019 — S. 66

ISBN: 978-3-906813-93-6

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

URL (Volltext): https://www.openagrar.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/openagrar_derivate_00022336/Proceedings-ICPD-2019.pdf

DOI: 10.7892/boris.131406

Kontakt

Institut für Tierernährung

Königin-Luise-Str. 49
14195 Berlin
+49 30 838 52256
tierernaehrung@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

Introduction:
Necrotic enteritis (NE) is one of the major causes of intestinal diseases, loss of performance and increased use of antibiotics in broilers. The cause is considered an infection with toxin-forming clostridia and coccidian as predisposing factor. Feed additives are an option to influence the occurrence of the disease and to reduce the negative effects on animal production. As such, short and medium chain fatty acids and probiotics are of particular interest. In this trial, the efficacy of the additives was characterized by performance (body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed-to-gain-ratio), and parameters of gut health after anticoccidial vaccination and a challenge with Clostridium perfringens (CP).

Materials and Methods:
The objective of the trial was to evaluate the efficacy of a mixture of mono-, di and triglycerides of butyric, caprylic, and capric acid (glycerides) (1 and 3 g/kg), formic acid (10 g/kg) and a probiotic Clostridium butyricum (CB) strain (5x108 cfu/kg) in broiler chickens compared to a control diet without supplementation. The diets (starter, grower, finisher) were based on wheat, soybean meal, maize and met the recommendations for broiler chickens (GfE 1999). The efficacy of the additives was compared to non-challenged and challenged control birds. All broiler chickens were vaccinated orally on d 4 and 9 with Poulvac Bursa Plus (Zoetis, Zaventem, Belgium) and on d 14 and 16 with Hipracox (Hipra, Melle, Belgium) and Paracox-8 (MSD Animal Health, Brussels, Belgium). At d 18, 19 and 20, birds were challenged with 5 x 108 cfu of a pathogenic CP strain (Geeraerts et al. 2016), except the negative control group. Coccidial and NE lesions were scored before the challenge at d 17 and on days 22 and 36. The response of the microbiota was monitored to study the impact of the different treatments. Bacterial composition was analyzed via 16S rDNA sequencing of the intestinal microbiota in the ileum and caecum. Data pre-processing included demultiplexing (bcl2fastq 1.8.4), inline barcode sorting, clipping and combination of forward and reverse reads (BBMerge 34.48). Bacterial community analysis was done with Mothur 1.35.1 using the Silva reference classification after removal of sequences with ambiguous bases (Phred score below 33), filtering of short alignments elimination of chimera (uchime) and subsampling to 30,000 sequences per samples (inspection of rarefaction curves). OTU were picked at a 97% identity level (cluster.split method). Additionally, putative species level annotations of OTU were done with the NCBI software BLAST+ 2.2.29 (E< 0.1, % identity 90%). CP in the excreta also culturally. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS (Version 25), (p<0.05).

Results:
After challenge, the number of dead birds was increased in all infected groups, lowest number of NE fatalities was observed in the groups fed with the high dosage of glycerides and CB, respectively. Except low dose rate of glycerides all treatments favourably increased the zootechnical performance compared to the challenged control group. Two days after the challenge, significantly increased excretion of CP was observed in all challenged groups, 17 days after the challenge the concentrations decreased numerically, in the group fed CB even significantly (p<0.05). Coccidiosis lesions did not differ between the groups. Two days after the challenge there was a significant decrease in the dry matter of the excreta in the challenged compared to the nonchallenged control birds, the challenged groups fed the different feed additives did not show significant changes compared to the control birds. On day 17 after the challenge excreta dry matter was not different between all challenged groups. The NE scores increased in all challenged groups on day 2 after the challenge (p<0.001) compared to the unchallenged control. On day 17 after the challenge NE scores were reduced in all challenged groups compared to day 2 but no significant difference in NE scores between treated groups was observed. Never the less the numerically lowest NE score at day 2 and 17 post challenge was found in birds that have been treated with higher dose of glycerides, formic acid or CB, respectively. The composition of the microbiota in ileum andcaecum was only moderately affected by the additives and treatments. Lasting effects of the CP challenge on the bacterial diversity compared to the unchallenged control was found, as all treatment groups showed a numerically or significantly reduced diversity in bird´s ileum.

Conclusions:
The investigations show that the infection with CP leads to a significant impairment of the performance and health of broilers. The selected infection model was able to clearly demonstrate these effects. Overall, the available data show that the performance and the effects of the various additives were significantly improved compared to the untreated control. This is also expressed in a slight but interesting change in the excretion of CP in the excreta. Overall, the results show that the administration of the tested additives appears to have a positive effect on NE prevention. Nevertheless, the study is an orientating work, the results would have to be confirmed by further investigations. With reference to the intestinal microbiota, it can be stated that the additives also had an effect on the microbial colonisation of the digestive tract, and on the intestinal concentrations of CP. In practice, where
significantly lower infection pressures can be expected, it might be interesting to further objectify the effects of the glycerides and the CB strain.