Publication Database

Viral unmasking of cellular 5S rRNA pseudogene transcripts induces RIG-I-mediated immunity (2018)

Art

Zeitschriftenartikel / wissenschaftlicher Beitrag

Autoren

Chiang, Jessica J

Sparrer, Konstantin M J

van Gent, Michiel

Lässig, Charlotte

Huang, Teng

Osterrieder, Nikolaus (WE 5)

Hopfner, Karl-Peter

Gack, Michaela U

Quelle

Nature immunology

Bandzählung: 19

Heftzählung: 1

Seiten: 53 – 62

ISSN: 1529-2908

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

DOI: 10.1038/s41590-017-0005-y

Pubmed: 29180807

Kontakt

Institut für Virologie

Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7-13
14163 Berlin
+49 30 838 51833
virologie@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

The sensor RIG-I detects double-stranded RNA derived from RNA viruses. Although RIG-I is also known to have a role in the antiviral response to DNA viruses, physiological RNA species recognized by RIG-I during infection with a DNA virus are largely unknown. Using next-generation RNA sequencing (RNAseq), we found that host-derived RNAs, most prominently 5S ribosomal RNA pseudogene 141 (RNA5SP141), bound to RIG-I during infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). Infection with HSV-1 induced relocalization of RNA5SP141 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and virus-induced shutoff of host protein synthesis downregulated the abundance of RNA5SP141-interacting proteins, which allowed RNA5SP141 to bind RIG-I and induce the expression of type I interferons. Silencing of RNA5SP141 strongly dampened the antiviral response to HSV-1 and the related virus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), as well as influenza A virus (IAV). Our findings reveal that antiviral immunity can be triggered by host RNAs that are unshielded following depletion of their respective binding proteins by the virus.