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    Chronic Diarrhea in Dogs - Retrospective Study in 136 Cases (2017)

    Art
    Zeitschriftenartikel / wissenschaftlicher Beitrag
    Autoren
    Volkmann, M. (WE 20)
    Steiner, J.M.
    Fosgate, G.T.
    Zentek, J. (WE 4)
    Hartmann, S. (WE 6)
    Kohn, B. (WE 20)
    Quelle
    Journal of veterinary internal medicine
    Bandzählung: 31
    Heftzählung: 4
    Seiten: 1043 – 1055
    ISSN: 0891-6640
    Sprache
    Englisch
    Verweise
    DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14739
    Kontakt
    Institut für Tierernährung

    Königin-Luise-Str. 49
    14195 Berlin
    +49 30 838 52256
    tierernaehrung@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

    Abstract / Zusammenfassung

    Background

    Chronic diarrhea (CD) is common in dogs, and information on frequency and distribution of primary and secondary causes is lacking.
    Objectives

    To evaluate underlying causes and predictors of outcome in dogs with CD.
    Animals

    One hundred and thirty-six client-owned dogs with CD (≥3 weeks duration).
    Methods

    Retrospective review of medical records (Small Animal Clinic, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany, 09/2009-07/2011). Quantification of final diagnoses and comparison of clinical aspects including disease severity and clinicopathological abnormalities among dogs with clinical remission (either complete [gastrointestinal signs absent] or partial [clinical improvement of gastrointestinal signs and reduced episodes with shortened duration]), and those without recovery.
    Results

    Ninety percent of dogs were diagnosed with a primary enteropathy: inflammatory (71%; of those 66% dietary responsive, 23% idiopathic, 11% antibiotic responsive), infectious (13%), neoplastic (4%), and in one dog each mechanical disease or systemic vasculitis. Secondary causes were diagnosed in 10% of dogs: exocrine pancreatic (6%), endocrine (2%), and in one dog each hepatic, renal, and cardiac disease. In total, 87% of dogs had clinical remission, whereas 13% died or did not respond to treatment: Lack of recovery was frequently recorded for dogs with primary inflammatory (idiopathic) or neoplastic disease and was significantly associated with increased disease severity scores (P = .005), anemia (hematocrit < 40%, P < .001), severe hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin <2.0 g/dL, P = .008), and severe hypocobalaminemia (serum cobalamin concentration <200 pg/mL, P = .006).
    Conclusions and clinical importance

    Inflammatory enteropathies and particularly those of dietary origin were the most common causes of CD in dogs. Findings support the usefulness of hematocrit, and serum albumin and cobalamin concentration as prognostic markers in dogs with CD.