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    Infection with hemoplasma species in 17 cats with anemia (2014)

    Art
    Vortrag
    Autoren
    Weingart, C. (WE 20)
    Tasker, S.
    Kohn, B. (WE 20)
    Kongress
    24th ECVIM-CA Congress
    Mainz, 04. – 06.09.2014
    Quelle
    Journal of veterinary internal medicine
    Bandzählung: 29
    Heftzählung: 1
    Seiten: 484
    ISSN: 0891-6640
    Sprache
    Englisch
    Verweise
    URL (Volltext): http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jvim.12491/pdf
    DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12491
    Kontakt
    Klein- und Heimtierklinik

    Oertzenweg 19 b
    14163 Berlin
    +49 30 838 62422
    kleintierklinik@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

    Abstract / Zusammenfassung

    The clinical course of natural infections with feline hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) has rarely been described. Hemoplasmosis (‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum’ [CMhm] n = 11, Mycoplasma hemofelis [Mhf] n = 3, species not determined n = 3) was diagnosed in 17 anemic cats (age 0.6-16 years, median 8; hematocrit 0.05-0.25 l/l, median 0.16) between 2005 and 2013. Seven of the cats (CMhm [5], Mhf [1], species not determined [1]) had concurrent disease, whilst 10 cats (CMhm [6], Mhf [2], species not determined [2]) did not. All 17 cats underwent antibiotic treatment (doxycycline or a fluoroquinolone); 12 cats received blood transfusions and/or Oxyglobin. Three cats were euthanatized within 11 days due to concurrent disease (FIV, pancreatitis/cholangitis) or financial constraints, one cat due to persistent anemia after 11 weeks. Four cats were lost to follow-up. The remaining 9 cats underwent follow-up for a period of 11-199 weeks (median 24). Hemoplasma PCR analysis was conducted 2-7 times on blood samples at variable time points from 6 of the 9 follow-up cats. The first negative PCR in 4 cases occurred after 3 (CMhm, during antibiotic treatment), 7 (CMhm, during antibiotic treatment), 10 (CMhm, during antibiotic treatment) and 23 (Mhf, after completion of antibiotics) weeks. One cat remained PCR positive (CMhm) at 4, 13, and 18 (all during antibiotic treatment) weeks, and another cat (CMhm) was PCR positive at 199 weeks. Reactivation of the hemoplasma species (documented by hemolysis and positive PCR) occurred in 2 cats (both CMhm) 1 and 3 times, respectively, up to 177 weeks after initial presentation. Reactivation was suspected (no PCR testing available) in 2 additional cases (CMhm [1], Mhf [1]). Four of the 9 follow-up cats were euthanatized after 14-180 weeks (median 24) due to concurrent disease (cardiomyopathy, immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, postoperative complications, diabetes mellitus). Infection with hemoplasmas is often chronic, can reactivate months later and is rarely the reason for euthanasia.