Publikationsdatenbank

Infection with hemoplasma species in 17 cats with anemia (2014)

Art

Vortrag

Autoren

Weingart, C. (WE 20)

Tasker, S.

Kohn, B. (WE 20)

Kongress

24th ECVIM-CA Congress

Mainz, 04. – 06.09.2014

Quelle

Journal of veterinary internal medicine; 29(1) — S. 484

ISSN: 0891-6640

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

URL (Volltext): http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jvim.12491/pdf

DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12491

Kontakt

Klinik für kleine Haustiere

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14163 Berlin
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email: kleintierklinik@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

The clinical course of natural infections with feline hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) has rarely been described. Hemoplasmosis (‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum’ [CMhm] n = 11, Mycoplasma hemofelis [Mhf] n = 3, species not determined n = 3) was diagnosed in 17 anemic cats (age 0.6-16 years, median 8; hematocrit 0.05-0.25 l/l, median 0.16) between 2005 and 2013. Seven of the cats (CMhm [5], Mhf [1], species not determined [1]) had concurrent disease, whilst 10 cats (CMhm [6], Mhf [2], species not determined [2]) did not. All 17 cats underwent antibiotic treatment (doxycycline or a fluoroquinolone); 12 cats received blood transfusions and/or Oxyglobin. Three cats were euthanatized within 11 days due to concurrent disease (FIV, pancreatitis/cholangitis) or financial constraints, one cat due to persistent anemia after 11 weeks. Four cats were lost to follow-up. The remaining 9 cats underwent follow-up for a period of 11-199 weeks (median 24). Hemoplasma PCR analysis was conducted 2-7 times on blood samples at variable time points from 6 of the 9 follow-up cats. The first negative PCR in 4 cases occurred after 3 (CMhm, during antibiotic treatment), 7 (CMhm, during antibiotic treatment), 10 (CMhm, during antibiotic treatment) and 23 (Mhf, after completion of antibiotics) weeks. One cat remained PCR positive (CMhm) at 4, 13, and 18 (all during antibiotic treatment) weeks, and another cat (CMhm) was PCR positive at 199 weeks. Reactivation of the hemoplasma species (documented by hemolysis and positive PCR) occurred in 2 cats (both CMhm) 1 and 3 times, respectively, up to 177 weeks after initial presentation. Reactivation was suspected (no PCR testing available) in 2 additional cases (CMhm [1], Mhf [1]). Four of the 9 follow-up cats were euthanatized after 14-180 weeks (median 24) due to concurrent disease (cardiomyopathy, immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, postoperative complications, diabetes mellitus). Infection with hemoplasmas is often chronic, can reactivate months later and is rarely the reason for euthanasia.