Publikationsdatenbank

Equine alphaherpesviruses (EHV-1 and EHV-4) differ in their efficiency to infect mononuclear cells during early steps of infection in nasal mucosal explants (2011)

Art

Zeitschriftenartikel / wissenschaftlicher Beitrag

Autoren

Vandekerckhove, Annelies P

Glorieux, S

Gryspeerdt, A C

Steukers, L

Van Doorsselaere, J

Osterrieder, N

Van de Walle, G R

Nauwynck, H J

Quelle

Veterinary microbiology : an international journal

Bandzählung: 152

Heftzählung: 1/2

Seiten: 21 – 28

ISSN: 0378-1135

Sprache

Englisch

Verweise

DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.038

Pubmed: 21536394

Kontakt

Institut für Virologie

Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7-13
14163 Berlin
+49 30 838 51833
virologie@vetmed.fu-berlin.de

Abstract / Zusammenfassung

Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) replicates extensively in the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract, after which it can spread throughout the body via a cell-associated viremia in mononuclear leukocytes reaching the pregnant uterus and central nervous system. In a previous study, we were able to mimic the in vivo situation in an in vitro respiratory mucosal explant system. A plaquewise spread of EHV-1 was observed in the epithelial cells, whereas in the connective tissue below the basement membrane (BM), EHV-1-infected mononuclear leukocytes were noticed. Equine herpesvirus type 4 (EHV-4), a close relative of EHV-1, can also cause mild respiratory disease, but a cell-associated viremia in leukocytes is scarce and secondary symptoms are rarely observed. Based on this striking difference in pathogenicity, we aimed to evaluate how EHV-4 behaves in equine mucosal explants. Upon inoculation of equine mucosal explants with the EHV-4 strains VLS 829, EQ(1) 012 and V01-3-13, replication of EHV-4 in epithelial cells was evidenced by the presence of viral plaques in the epithelium. Interestingly, EHV-4-infected mononuclear leukocytes in the connective tissue below the BM were extremely rare and were only present for one of the three strains. The inefficient capacity of EHV-4 to infect mononuclear cells explains in part the rarity of EHV-4-induced viremia, and subsequently, the rarity of EHV-4-induced abortion or EHM.